law and ethics notes

The five freedoms of the first amendment

-speech

-assembly

-religion

-press

-petition



the Tinker Standard

Tinker vs. Des Moines school district (1969)
Wore black armbands to school in 1965 to protest against the war.
- Student speech cannot be censored as long as it does not " Materially disrupt class work or invole disorder." invade the rights of others.
ONLY ONE THAT IS PRO STUDENT!!



the fraser standard

Bethel school disrtict v. fraser (1986)
he gave a speech that was all a sexual pun.
teachers can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent even if it does not cause a " material or substantial disruption."



the Hazelwood standard

Hazelwood school district vs. Kuhlmeier (1988)
this went against the right of text in school newspapers.
if it goes against the teachings of the school it can be censored.

The Frederick standard

January 2002, Olympic torch travels through town principal cancels school. senior frederick unveils banner on the sidewack across the street which reads " Bong Hits for Jesus."Suspended for 10 days. School wins they are on school ground during a school day so they went back to the hazlewood standard.

Elements of Libel
A defamatory statement... defames there character.
Has to be published.
Has to be false.

Slander
slander is spoken.
the same as libel other than " ".